Due to the wide range of environmental issues and the necessity to pay enough attention to them, especially for the case of the Water Scarcity Crisis in Iran, there is an urgent need for informing and public education for adopting appropriate behavior. One of the targeted and principled methods for addressing this Crisis is the emphasis on environmental communication, because it can affect a large domain of human society and encourage them to protect the environment. According to the surveys about environmental communication, it can be concluded that few studies have been devoted to this issue. Therefore, in this research, with emphasis on the Water Scarcity Crisis in Iran, using two quantitative and qualitative methods, analysis has been carried out on three news resources namely IRNA, Ministry of Energy, Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting Organization (IRIB). We introduced news values for rhetoric analysis of the environment in crises based on statistics related to the news broadcasted by the three mentioned organizations. The results indicated that IRNA news media has the highest and the IRIB has the lowest rank of news coverage. Also, the qualitative analysis shows the necessity of presenting a correct definition of complicated environmental issues for media actors and more focus on environmental news. Finally, we suggested strategies and further research areas.

Along with global warming and climate changes, we expect that many people around the world will have more limited access to adequate Water resources in the near future. Currently, Water Scarcity is a serious challenge that affects health and well-being of more than 40% of the world's population. Water-washed diseases are those Water-related diseases that the quantity of available Water is more important than its quality in reducing them. These diseases is caused by the lack of showering, washing clothes and personal and household items. War and natural disasters such as hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes lead to destruction of Water supply infrastructure. Furthermore, economic and cultural poverty lead to insufficient use of detergents and disinfectants. These all aggravate the prevalence of these diseases.Eye infections, especially trachoma, and fungal skin diseases, as well as diseases transmitted by ticks, scabies and lice, including typhus and relapsing fever, are concerns in the coming years for poor residents of developing countries, people caught in the grip of unwanted wars and natural disasters, and for people in areas exposed to droughts caused by climate change.

Adaptation to Water Scarcity is a topic that has received more attention recently by the Ministry of Energy as well as Water experts. Providing appropriate solutions and long-term and efficient plans for this issue requires discussion and consensus on the subject. One of the issues that causes consensus to fail in various scientific disciplines is misunderstanding of concepts and la ack of common technical reference. To come up with appropriate solutions to Water Scarcity, it is necessary to understand both “ adaptation” and “ Scarcity” . There are various meanings associated with these two terms that need to be examined in relation to each other and avoid the use of them interchangeably by providing the correct definition of these concepts. This article discusses some of these concepts.

To provide clean Water with a minimum energy consumption, in the current situation in particular, is of vital importance. Considering the fresh Water Scarcity and high expense of existing resources exploitation, combining the advantages of free solar energy with a cost effective design to produce fresh Water becomes a great interest for many researchers. Desalination of sea Water or brackish groundWater using renewable energies is one of the best climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies which is increasingly being supported and heavily financed in the neighboring countries. In our country, with regard to recent Water crises, application of an integrated management strategy in resource management for optimizing efficiency in these two critical resources becomes exceedingly necessary. This research aims to provide a feasibility study guideline on techno-economic optimization of renewable desalination systems. It could be used for a sustainable Water production for potable, industrial or agricultural sectors.

Nowadays, Water Crisis as one of the most challenges of agricultural development in Iran and especially in areas such as Kouhdasht county in the Lorestan province, have created the necessity for attention to integrated Water resources planning and more studies in this field. Therefore, the main purpose of this survey research was to investigate factors affecting the sustainable management of Water resources. Statistical population includes irrigated wheat growers in Kouhdasht county (N=2500) that 237 of them were determined as a statistical sample by using Cochran formula. Sampling was conducted byproportional stratified method. Questionnaire' s reliability and validity was confirmed respectively through computing Cronbach's alpha coefficient (more than 0.7) and content validity. Data analyzed by SPSS software. According to correlation test results, there is a positive and significant relationship between sustainable Water resources management and following variables: annual income of the agricultural sector; total area of wheat farm; training given to farmers and the perception of farmers about Crisis Water. The results of path analysis show that based on direct and indirect effects, five variables: 1) Training given to farmers 2) Technical characteristics of the farm 3) The perception of farmers about Crisis Water 4) The system of Water management of resources to farm, and 5) Farmers’ demographic, economic and social characteristics have the highest effect on sustainable Water management practices by irrigated wheat growers in Kouhdasht county.

The alternative occurrence of high Water and Water Scarcity in the basins is evident phenomenon. The occurrence of these periods in the Kasha's basin, addition to effect on quantitative condition of surface Water, cause to changes in the quality of Water in this basin. So, in this research using regression analysis in the soft ware’s environment Spss, Excel follow two main purpose. First, the study of relationship between high Water and Water Scarcity periods with quality parameters of Kashkan basin’s surface Water. Second, evaluating the surface Water’s quality of mentioned basin for use in the agricultural and Watering use during the high Water and Water Scarcity periods. So, use the analyzed statistic of 12 parameters of Water quality and daily discharge statistic of 8 hydrometer station in the rivers such as Dehno, Doab Aleshtar, Upper Kashkan, Khorram Abad, Middle Kashkan Cholhool, Madinrood, Down Kashkan in the 30 years (1351-1380) statistic periods.Also flow continuity curve draw for each of mentioned rivers and extract the Q95 index as hydrologic drought threshold from this curve. The result show that in the majority cases, there is meaningful logarithmic relationship between high Water and Water Scarcity periods with Water quality’s parameters, and in the following of high Water and Water Scarcity periods, the amount parameters of studied Water quality in this rivers have upward and downward trend and lead to changes in surface Water’s quality of this basin. Also, with evaluating the surface Water’s quality of basin for agricultural and Watering use indicate that in the alternative wet and dry period, the Water of rivers such as Dehno, Doab Aleshtar, Upper Kashkan, Khorramabad, Middle Kashkan and down Kashkan has been among the good quality Water and in the Cholhool and Madianrood rivers was acceptable and medium.

Introduction: Climate change is a certain, irrefutable, undisputed, clear, unequivocal, and imminent reality, and potentially a serious threat and challenge to the agricultural sector. It has become clear that the earth’, s climate has changed in a manner that has induced many negative impacts on its human and non-human residents. In fact, it has been confirmed that climate change, directly and indirectly, influences all aspects of life worldwide. Scientific evidence suggests that projected climate change will significantly impact the hydrological cycle, Water balance, and runoff characteristics. This will, in turn, cause Water Scarcity and insecurity. Agriculture and Water resources are vulnerable to global climate change. Climate change impacts the Water sector in a manner that reduces the harvest and income of farmers, thereby exacerbating poverty and many other social problems. Therefore, the influence of climate variability on Water resources raises major international concern, as it may cause severe stress on whole societies, particularly farmers, due to the huge negative impacts on agricultural production. Agricultural and farming practices should, therefore, adapt to the changing environment in order to avoid or alleviate related risks. Consequently, understanding adaptation to climate change has become a major concern for farmers to facilitate adaptation actions and assist them in improving their adaptive capacity. The aim of the present study was to investigate farmers’,adaptation behaviors in in facing Water Scarcity. this research ideally provides a first knowledge base for the development of public policy measures aiming to increase climate change adaptation measures among Iranian farmers...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Jordan faces significant food security challenges due to population growth, climate change, and urbanization, straining limited Water resources. Water supply expansion is constrained by economic and environmental factors, leading to a critical impact on agriculture, which stands as the largest consumer of Water. The study emphasizes the crucial importance of regional Water sources in ensuring food security, as the quantity and quality of irrigation Water have a direct influence on crop yield and productivity. Managing irrigation is crucial for sustainability and livelihoods, given Jordan's reliance on food imports and climate change-induced production variability. This study delves into potato cultivation, examining the interconnections among irrigation Water availability, crop yield, and self-relianceMETHODS: Irrigation with freshWater and blended treated wasteWater in the middle and northern Jordan Valley is compared, using stepwise regression analysis and assuming other agricultural inputs to be optimal. Food security indicators, which include agricultural and socio-economic factors, along with Water Scarcity indicators, encompassing both Water quantity and quality, were methodically chosen and examined.FINDINGS: Regression analysis of potato production in Jordan revealed that increased blended Water positively impacts yields, while higher Water requirements and chloride levels negatively affect them. The negative implications of effective rainfall in combined Water irrigation were evident, emphasizing the necessity for precise control over the levels of Water quality and quantity. The study found that higher local potato production enhances self-sufficiency, crucial for food security. Enhanced Water management techniques and advancements in agricultural practices have led to an increase in potato self-sufficiency, even in the face of dwindling Water resources. Challenges from stable Water requirements and decreasing rainfall can be addressed with advanced irrigation techniques and adaptive practices.CONCLUSION: Improved Water and crop management contribute to enhanced potato self-sufficiency in Jordan, despite varying Water quality parameters. Furthermore, the results of research offer important information regarding the adjustment of potato cultivation to evolving climate patterns, including changes in precipitation temperature. These adaptation strategies can be shared and implemented in other countries facing similar climatic challenges.